A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach bulges through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen, and this condition can affect digestion and cause uncomfortable symptoms.
Symptoms of Hiatal Hernia
Many people with a hiatal hernia may not experience symptoms. However, when symptoms occur, they often include:
- Heartburn or acid reflux
- Difficulty swallowing
- Chest or abdominal pain
- Shortness of breath
- Regurgitation of food or liquid
Causes and Risk Factors
Hiatal hernias are often caused by weakened muscle tissue that allows the stomach to push through the diaphragm. Contributing factors include:
- Age-related changes in the diaphragm
- Injury or trauma to the area
- Chronic coughing or straining
- Obesity
- Smoking
Diagnosis
Doctors may diagnose a hiatal hernia using:
- X-ray with barium swallow – shows the outline of the esophagus and stomach
- Endoscopy – allows direct visualization of the esophagus and stomach
- Esophageal manometry – measures muscle contractions in the esophagus
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity of the hernia and symptoms:
- Lifestyle changes – eating smaller meals, avoiding late-night eating, maintaining a healthy weight, and quitting smoking
- Medications – antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce acid reflux
- Surgery – in severe cases, surgery may be recommended to reposition the stomach and strengthen the diaphragm opening
Take Control of Your Digestive Health
If you’re experiencing symptoms of a hiatal hernia or chronic reflux, our expert gastroenterology team is here to help with diagnosis, treatment, and personalized care.
📞 Call us today to schedule an appointment and start feeling better.
